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Christine Krall, ND

Flavonoid-Rich Food Intake: Does an Apple A Day Keep the Doctor Away?

Both the quantity and the diversity of total dietary flavonoid intake were independently associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality and chronic disease, including cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes, cancer, respiratory disease, and neurodegenerative disease. Participants consuming the widest diversity of flavonoids had a 6-20% significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality and incidence of these chronic diseases.

Understanding Methylation for the Busy Practitioner: What is Methylation, How Do You Test, and Treat?

Chronic health consequences associated with hypomethylation include cardiovascular disease, autoimmune disease, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, psychological disorders, and cancer.8,9 DNA methylation results in gene regulation by switching genes on and off and is the most well-studied epigenetic mechanism.10 Epigenetics relates to how environmental influences affect gene expression. This is exciting because we can optimize genetic expression and slow biological aging.

Adjunctive Therapies Improve Clinical Outcomes in SIBO

A randomized controlled trial published in the journal Nutrients studied the effects of herbal supplements and probiotics alongside antibiotics and a low FODMAPs diet for SIBO. 179 patients diagnosed with SIBO via breath testing were enrolled in the study. Patients received breath testing at the beginning and the end of the 3-month study. Patients were divided into hydrogen (H2) and methane (CH4) predominant groups, since treatment varies slightly depending on the breath gas type.

BMPs and Bone Metabolism

Traditional therapies slow bone loss but don’t rebuild it. This article explains how BMPs play a key role in regenerating bone and cartilage tissue through stem cell activation—transforming how we approach osteoporosis and osteoarthritis.

BMP-9: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Bone Destruction in Rheumatoid Arthritis

BMP-9 deficiency exacerbates joint inflammation and promotes bone loss. Researchers tested BMP-9 supplementation in mice to see if there was improvement in any of the pathophysiological features of RA. They injected BMP-9 into the knee joint at weeks 0, 2, 4, and 6 and monitored its effect via CT scan each week after injection. They also monitored BMP-9 expression in the groups that received the injection and found that expression increased significantly.

Anger Management Strategies: What Works and What Fuels It?

A meta-analysis published in Clinical Psychology Review sought to determine which activities effectively decrease anger. The meta-analytic review included 154 studies and 10,189 participants. Studies looked at the efficacy of activities that decreased arousal such as deep breathing, mindfulness, or meditation versus activities that increased arousal such as punching a bag, jogging, or cycling. Arousal-decreasing activities were more effective at decreasing anger and aggression.

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